How to Decode a Horse Feed Ingredients Tag

1. If the tag lists an extensive list of nutrients as well as ingredients, you are dealing with a feed that is often referred to as a “fixed formula,” and the upside of using such a feed rests in the fact that it will permit for consistent feeding, since the formula is not changing.

2. Remember that – unless stated specifically – you will not be able to ascertain the quality of the ingredients from the list. Oats come in different bushel weights but unless your tag tells you what weight was used, all you know is that there are oats in the feed bag. Protein may come for a variety of sources, but not all of them are considered beneficial. One tip for those who are concerned about the quality of the protein in their feed: check for the lysine level guarantee. While the amount of the protein is important, the amino acid content ensures digestibility which is key to the horse’s ability to use the nutrients you are feeding. Generally speaking, soybean meal is an excellent protein source for adult horses, while milk proteins are used for young horses.
3. Protein level, fat percentage and energy are also listed on the tag and are of vital importance to your horse’s overall wellbeing. Keep in mind, however, that the amount of energy listed cannot be broken down into digestible energy and the indigestible kind! Thus, it is wisest to make an overall determination on the digestibility of the energy by turning a critical eye at the fat and fiber contained in the feed. As a general rule of thumb, the more fat and the less fiber a feed contains, the more digestible energy is contained therein.
4. While consumers like to comparison shop in the supermarket, trying to compare tags at the feed store is like comparing apples and oranges. Manufacturers do not use the same energy values for similar ingredients, nor do they use the same unit measurements.
5. Keep an eye on the presentation of the feed. Corn that is steam-flaked will provide your horse with a higher amount of digestible energy than a similar amount of simply cracked corn.
6. Check out the mineral sources, since digestibility varies widely. Sulfates are more digestible than carbonates, yet organic mineral sources are more digestible than sulfates – but they are also more expensive. If you do not mind spending the money, look for a tag listing of “chelate” and “proteinate.”
7. Vitamins need to be a part of a good feed. Make sure the tag lists thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, choline, folic acid, pyridoxine, biotin and B-12 as ingredients.

Following these simple tips will keep your horse well fed.